Kottayam District came into existence on 1st July, 1949 at the time of the integration of the states of Travancore and Cochin. The district is divided into two Revenue Divisions, five Taluks and 95 villages. Revenue Division Pala comprising of Meenachil and Vaikom taluks and Kottayam Revenue Division consisting of Kottayam, Kanjirappally and Changanassery Taluks.
Kottayam District is situated a little south to the Central Kerala boarded on the north by Ernakulam District, East Idukki District, South by Alappuzha and Pathanamthitta Districts and on the eastern boundary Vembanad Lake. The district lies. north latitudes 9O 151 and 10 O 211 and the east longitudes 76O 221 and 77 O 251.
The district has an area of 2208 square kilometres. The district can be divided into three natural divisions – high land, midland and low land. The main rivers of the district are Meenachil river, the Muvattupuzha river and the Manimala rivers.The soil found in the district is mainly laterate.Clay soil also present in many part the district.Laterate soil is suitable for rubber plantations and clay soil suitsble for the seasonal crops like paddy,banana,ptantains ,tapioca etc.
Kottayam literally means the interior of a fort – Kotta + Akam. Kottayam is known as “Akshara Nagari” (city of Alphabets, the land of letters Lakes and Latex as the Mural city.
Alappuzha is a district of immense natural beauty with the Arabian Sea on the west, the north by Ernakulam District, northeast by Kottayam district, on the east by Pathanamthitta, on the southeast by Kollam district. A vast network of backwaters, lagoons and fresh water rivers crisscrossing the land. This district lies between north latitude 90 05’ and 90 52’ east longitude 76 17’ and 76 48’. The district is an important backwater destination attracting thousands of foreign tourists every year. Alappuzha is also famous for its boat races, beaches, marine products and coir industry.
The district was formed on 17th August 1957. It is the smallest district in area but having highest density of population (1501 /Sq.km). The total geographical area is 1414 sq. Km. The population of the district as per the Census 2011 was 2127789. This is the only district in Kerala having no high lands and forest. The district has a coastline of 82 kms.
Alappuzha town is full of manmade canals and bridges designed for promoting trade by water and road designed by Sri.Raja Kesavadas former Divan of State of Travancore. There was also a sea bridge in Alappuzha port for foreign trade. The city was known as ‘Venice of East’. Coir and coir products, Coconut, Ginger, Pepper and Turmeric were the important items of trade through Alappuzha port in the past. With the development of Cochin port and road transport, the importance of Alappuzha port diminished. Government has taken action to renovate Alappuzha port.
A singularity of this land is the region called Kuttanad --- a land of lush paddy fields referred to as the `Rice Bowl of Kerala' and one of the few places in the world where farming is done below sea level. The entire district has been categorized into four agro climatic regions, namely, Onattukara, Coastal belt, Southern Midland and Kuttanad region. Physiographically, the district is divided into two broad divisions ie, low land and midland.
Heavy rainfall, a warm humidity of atmosphere and a fairly uniform temperature throughout the year are the characteristic climatic features of the district. The climate is moist, humid and hot in the coastal areas and is slightly cooler and drier in the interior region. The temperature ranges from 18 to 39°C. The normal annual rainfall received in the district is 2423mm.
Agriculture and Live Stock provide opportunities for augmenting income and employment in the rural households. Major crops cultivated in the District are paddy, coconut, tapioca, jack, mango, Plantain, Cashew, Pepper Arecanut etc. Paddy is the major crop cultivating in the District which comes around 34.16 percent of total cropped area of the District and 17.38 percent of total paddy area of the State. Coconut is the other major crop cultivating in the District, which contribution is around 36.26 percent of the total cropped area of the District. Coconut provides income and employment for large number of households with small land holdings..
A singularity of this land is the region called Kuttanad --- a land of lush paddy fields referred to as the `Rice Bowl of Kerala' and one of the few places in the world where farming is done below sea level. The entire district has been categorized into four agro climatic regions, namely, Onattukara, Coastal belt, Southern Midland and Kuttanad region. Physiographically, the district is divided into two broad divisions ie, low land and midland.
The coastal belt of our district about 82 kms connected with a wide network of inland water bodies, Alappuzha has the requisite natural endowments for emerging as a leading fish producing district in the state. There are 54 fishing villages, where fishing and allied activities provide livelihood for vast majority of the population.
Achankovil, Pumba and Manimala are the important rivers passing through this district. The Vembanadu, which is the largest backwater in the state, is in the eastern side of this district. The major irrigation projects in the district are Pumba Irrigation Project and Kallada Irrigation Project.
In 1982 the district of Pathanamthitta was formed and the town of Pathanamthitta was named its headquarters. It is surrounded by the districts of Kottayam, Idukki, Kollam and Alappuzha on all directions. It is an inland district. It is predominantly an agricultural district growing rubber and tea the most. The shrine at Sabaimala is a star attraction and about 10 million pilgrims visit it every year.The state of Kerala has been divided into 14 districts for the sake of effective administration.
Pathanamthitta is a landlocked district situated in the southern part of the state, and is bordered by Kottayam and Idukki districts in the north, Alappuzha in the west,Kollam in the south and has a border with Tamil Nadu in the east. The district was made up from combining areas from the Alappuzha, Idukki and Kollam districts.The district is part of the historical Central Travancore region of Kerala. The Central Travancore consists of the South-Central districts of Pathanamthitta and (parts of) Kottayam, Alappuzha, Idukky and Kollam.
Major towns in the district are Thiruvalla, Pathanamthitta, Aranmula, Kozhencherry, Kumbanad, Konni, Pandalam,Adoor, Ranni, Vadaserikara, Sabarimala, Mallappally and Parumala. More than 50% of the district is covered by forests.Pathanamthitta is a pre-dominantly agricultural district with major crops being coconut, rubber,paddy, pepper and tea. The hilly terrain coupled with high humidity make it suitable for rubber and tea plantations.Hydroelectric power plants situated in the district provide one-third of the electricity demands of the state. Three important rivers, the Achankovil, Manimala and Pamba flow through the district. Pamba originates from Sabarimala and is considered a holy river.Pathanamthitta holds the distinction of being declared the first polio-free district in India. It is 10.03% urbanised.
Large Scale Industries / Public Sector undertakings
Traco Cables, Kizhakken Muthoor, Thiruvalla.
Major Exportable Item
Oleoresine, Spice Oil, Other Food Products,Fried Food Products, Etc.
Growth Trend
Construction Field, Food Processing, Light Engineering Field, Bakery Products, Rubber Based Products.
Medium Scale Enterprises
Akay flaours & Aromatics Ltd., Nallanikkunnu P.o.Pathanamthitta.
Tierra Foods, Kinfra industrial park, Elamannoor.
Service Enterprises
Automobile, IT Enabled Services
Potential for new MSMEs
Food Processing, Construction Field, Rubber Based
Existing Clusters of Micro & Small Enterprise
1. Pathanamthitta Wood consortium 2. Pathanamthitta Plastic consortium
Major cluster
PAFCO – Agro Food Processing
DISTRICT PROFILE
The District name is a combination of two Malayalam words Pathanam and thitta, which together mean ‘array of houses on the river side’. The capital cityPathanamthitta Town is located on the banks of river Achenkovil. Pathanamthitta District came in to existence on 1st November, 1982. The formation was done by incorporating various portions of the erstwhile Kollam, Alappuzha and Idukki Districts, while the taluks Adoor, Ranni, Konni and Kozhenchery were taken from Kollam district, Thiruvalla and Mallappally were taken from Alappuzha district. The District is divided into two Revenue Divisions, Six Taluks and 70 Villages. Revenue Division Adoor comprising of Kozhenchery and Adoor and Konni taluks and Thiruvalla Revenue Division consisting of Thiruvalla, Mallappally and Ranni Taluks. Pathanamthitta District is bounded on the north by Kottayam and Idukki, on the west by Alappuzha and Kollam Districts and on the south by Kollam District. To the eastern side of the District is the State of Tamil Nadu.
Location and extent
Pathanamthitta is a landlocked District lying between the north latitudes 90 02’30” and 90 28’30” and 760 37’30” and 770 17’30” East longitudes. The district has an area of 2637 square kilometers with a total population of 1195537. The population in the District is around 3.58 percent of the State population and ranked 12th position in the State. As per 2011 census, sex ratio in the District is 1132 per1000 males 2nd in the State followed by Kannur District. The density of population is 452 per sq.kms. The decadal census shows an increasing tendency in the density of population. SC and ST population comes 13.7 % and 0.7% respectively to the total District population.
Pathanamthitta district ranked 1st in literacy rate in 2011 census with 96.93%.Male literacy rate in the District is 97.70%, ranked 2nd in the State followed by Alappuzha District and Female literacy is 96.26% which positioned the District 1st among other districts. Child population in the age group 0-6 is coming down to 7.65 percent from 10.29 percent in 2001 census.
District Industries Center Pathanamthitta is Located at Kozhenchery, under this office Three Taluk Industries offices are there at Thiruvalla, Pathanamthitta and adoor.
Thiruvalla Taluk Industries Office.
1. Thiruvalla Municipality.
2. Koipurum Block.
3. Mallapally Block.etc
4. Pulikeezhu Block.
Pathanamthitta Taluk Industries Office
1. Pathanamthitta Municipality.
2. Elanthoor Block.
3. Ranni Block.
4. Konni Block.
Adoor Taluk Industries Office.
1. Adoor Municipality.
2. Parakode Block.
3. Pandalam Block.
RIGHT TO SERVICE:
PMP1/22011/11 Dated: April 4, 2013
HL/E1/6692/2012 Dated: April 4, 2013
